The deletion is performed from another end, and that end is known as a front end. In the case of Queue, insertion is performed from one end, and that end is known as a rear end. A Queue is a structure that follows some restrictions on insertion and deletion. It is an ordered list that follows the principle FIFO (First In -First Out). Dynamic: The dynamic implementation of the stack can be done with the help of a linked list.Ī Queue is a linear data structure.Static: The static implementation of the stack can be done with the help of arrays.There are two ways to implement the stack: We need to allocate the memory to get the size of the stack. To implement the stack, we should know the size of the stack. In stack, the top is a pointer which is used to keep track of the last inserted element. isFull(): If the stack is full, then this function will return a true value or else it will return a false value.isEmpty(): If the stack is empty, then this function will return a true value or else it will return a false value.Like pop(), it returns the value of the topmost element but does not remove that element from the stack. peek()/top(): This function returns the value of the topmost element available in the stack.In the pop() function, we do not have to pass any argument. pop(): It is an operation in which the elements are deleted from the top of the stack.In the push function, we need to pass an element which we want to insert in a stack. push(x): It is an operation in which the elements are inserted at the top of the stack.The following are the operations that can be performed on the stack: ![]() The two operations are performed in LIFO, i.e., push and pop operation. In stack, we can insert the elements of a similar data type, i.e., the different data type elements cannot be inserted in the same stack. It follows the principle LIFO (Last In First Out) in which the insertion and deletion take place from one side known as a top. It is a container that follows the insertion and deletion rule. In case of an array, random access is possible, i.e., any element of an array can be accessed at any time, whereas in a stack, the sequential access is only possible. What is a Stack?Ī Stack is a linear data structure. First, we will look at what is stack and what is queue individually, and then we will discuss the differences between stack and queue.
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Among patients with a MELD score < 25, the low-risk group also showed a better overall survival rate than the high-risk group with an independent association with decreased risk of all-cause mortality.Ĭonclusions: Patients with FI-lab < 0.5 showed a higher overall survival rate than those with FI-lab ≥ 0.5 in LDLT. The MELD score was originally developed as a valuable tool for assessing liver function and had been demonstrated to be associated with poor short-term. We were unable to demonstrate a difference in death-censored graft survival, rejection rate, or hospital stay. Furthermore, cox-regression revealed that FI-lab < 0.5 was independently associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality (, 0.640, 95%, 0.454–0.902, p = 0.011). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rates were 89%, 85%, and 75% for the low-risk group, while they were 78%, 76%, and 58% for the high-risk group. The low-risk group had a considerably greater overall survival rate than the high-risk group ( p < 0.001). ![]() Compared to the high-risk group (FI-lab ≥ 0.5), the Low-risk group was more likely to be male, to have hepatocellular carcinoma, and to have a low MELD score. Results: Among the total of 854 patients, those with FI-lab < 0.5 were 531. Given that the majority of LDLT patients have low model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores, we performed sensitivity analysis on patients with a MELD score < 25. Patients were separated into two groups according to FI-lab 0.5. 10 Given that average annual spending on an end-stage liver disease patient is reported to be US22 424, 10 prioritizing of the most critically ill patients for transplantation is increasingly important. Based on the current study demonstrating the superiority of MELD score at baseline, and previous studies, 16,17 we suggest that for future studies patients with alcoholic hepatitis be stratified at baseline into low mortality risk. 9 found that patients with MELD scores of 30 utilized 10 times more Medicare spending than those with MELD scores of 20. Those with less than 21 laboratory frailty index variables were excluded. The advantage of the MELD score is that the range is wide enough that finer stratification of risk is possible. The FI-lab score is calculated by adding all the scores and dividing them by the number of variables. Each result is granted a score of 1 if it falls outside the normal range. ![]() The FI-lab was made by taking 32 factors from standard blood test results and vital signs taken before surgery. Methods: Between 20, LDLT recipients from Severance Hospital were included. We aim to apply this index as a predictor for living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The laboratory frailty index (FI-lab) was found to be useful in the general population and valid among several frailty measurement scales. Abstract Background: Frailty is defined as the accumulation of deficits that increase vulnerability. ![]() He is reachable at rd (at) patentbusinesslawyer (dot) com & Twitter. Advocate Rahul Dev is a Patent Attorney & International Business Lawyer practicing Technology, Intellectual Property & Corporate Laws. Our team of advanced patent attorneys assists clients with patent searches, drafting patent applications, and patent (intellectual property) agreements, including licensing and non-disclosure agreements. Therefore, when any type of information is taken or stolen in violation of law, businesses must take reasonable steps to protect their information. Also, damages that result from the illegal release of trade secrets can result in substantial fines and a loss of business. Any trade secret that is stolen can harm a business and its ability to compete. The economic consequences of stealing trade secrets can be disastrous to any business, as well as to the national economy. Protection of trade secrets is a matter of national security and should be a high priority on the agendas of all businesses. ![]() In instances such as these, it is often reasonable for the parties to share their confidential information in order to ensure the success of the marketing plan. It is not uncommon for large corporations to consult with a marketing firm to obtain confidential information regarding a prospective product line before actual implementation. One such situation includes the marketing and promotion of new products and services. Protecting business interests is the primary reason behind sharing intellectual property rights however, there are many situations where confidential information must be protected. Economic espionage is a violation of the law and can be punished as vigorously and as severely as any other crime. This includes, but is not limited to, trade secrets found on, or transmitted by, any wire or electronic communication, records, papers, or documents of a protected person. ![]() In terms of business strategy, Economic Espionage refers to the unauthorized theft of a trade secret knowing or intending that the act will benefit any nation, foreign entity, or instrumentality. Protection of trade secrets includes a nonpublic information that has been developed by the protected parties. Companies protect their trade secrets to gain business advantage through stringent contracts and agreements. For example, to compress output of a command using xz and send it to a file, you can use following command. In the above command, the option “x” stands for extract, “f” stands for regular file/archive, and “v” is used to show the files after extraction, also known as verbose. To extract all information in a tar.xz archive file, run the tar command with the -x or -extract or -get flag as follows, which is able to run in non-verbose mode. The xz compression tool can also be used in combination with pipe () operator to compress or decompress data on fly. Here’s an example command that shows you how to use tar to untar a Tar archive on Linux. One of the simplest ways to extract files ending with the “Tar” extension is by using the tar command. There are other compression methods too, but the ones mentioned are the most popular.Įxtracting Tar Files in Linux using Terminal How To Extract a Tar Files To a Different Directory on a Linux/Unix-like Systems. Here are different types of Tar files:īear in mind, that the ‘no compression’ only goes for files ending with “.tar” Compression methods such as Gzip and Unix compression add another extension to the Tar file like “tar.gz” and “tar.xz,” respectively. was added after auto-completing by the use of tab in PowerShell, but I think it should work without that. From the command prompt or PowerShell in Windows 10 I can run. If you want to extract the archive to a particular location, select the location in the output section and click Okay. I believe tar has been added as a native function in Windows 10 since the posting of this. ![]() A simple test shows that the file remains within the archive, even after a copy is extracted from it. ![]() They are usually created using the tar command in Linux and UNIX systems, but you can use other software like WinZip if you are using Windows and MacOS. ![]() There may be a compressed tar file containing the content of zero or more directories. A Tar.xz file is a compressed archive that may be used to compress files and folders, share them over networks, or store them on disks. Right-click on the file you want to extract and click Extract or Extract here. Of course the tar file, whether compressed or not, is not modified. Tar stands for Tape Archive and the difference between the same and Zip files is Tar bundles files without compressing them whereas Zip files are usually compressed. However, when extracting them on Windows, you will have to download third-party decompression software like 7zip or WinZip. Launch PeaZip from the apps menu and go to the location where the archive file you want to extract is located. Before we dig in, it’s important to understand Tar and its types and how they’re used in different scenarios to bundle and pack files in Linux. ![]() If there's a brick-and-mortar store in your area, you may be able to use a printable coupon there as well. Some Orangetheory Fitness coupons only apply to specific products, so make sure all the items in your cart qualify before submitting your order. To use a Orangetheory Fitness coupon, copy the related promo code to your clipboard and apply it while checking out. How do I use Orangetheory Fitness coupons? Today alone, users have collectively cashed in on 154 offers. These deal offers are available online, including 0 coupon codes. ![]() There are currently 19 Orangetheory Fitness online coupons reported by Orangetheory Fitness. How many Orangetheory Fitness online coupons are available? Right now, there are 19 current offers and Orangetheory Fitness deals. You can save money at Orangetheory Fitness by using one of the current Orangetheory Fitness coupons from Slickdeals. How to save money at Orangetheory Fitness? Downtown Toronto: I'm in at 199 a month for unlimited but it is now 219. However they have since increased the price to 199 for new members. 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Caesar orders a sacrifice, and the augurs confirm Calpurnia's fears. ![]() Meanwhile, Caesar's wife Calpurnia awakens in terror from a nightmare, and tells her husband that dire omens say he must not go out. After Cassius and the others leave, Brutus' wife Portia awakens and implores Brutus in vain to tell her what has been troubling him lately. Cassius proposes that Mark Antony be killed as well, but Brutus cautions against excessive bloodshed and assures the others that Mark Antony is harmless. Cassius comes by with Casca and several other conspirators, and Brutus agrees to join them. In his home, Brutus ponders his earlier conversation with Cassius through the night, and as dawn breaks on the ides of March, he concludes that only Caesar's death will release Rome from his tyranny. Cassius approaches Casca in the street and enlists him in his conspiracy against Caesar. That night, a fierce storm rips through the streets of Rome, and rumors of supernatural phenomena spread. Casca says that Caesar made a big show of refusing the crown, thus inciting the crowd, before succumbing to his "falling sickness" and passing out. Later, Brutus and Cassius encounter Casca, who relates how Caesar was offered a crown by Mark Antony three times during the ceremonies. Meanwhile, Caesar confides to his loyal protégé, Mark Antony, that he considers the smart, ambitious Cassius dangerous. Outside the stadium, Caesar's former comrades, Cassius and Brutus, discuss their dissatisfaction with the present regime. Later, at a ceremonial race, Caesar is approached by a soothsayer, who tells him to beware the ides of March. After pulling garlands off Caesar's statues and denouncing the self-appointed dictator, the two men are taken away by guards. ![]() In 44 B.C., tribunes Flavius and Marullus watch with contempt as the citizens of Rome indulge in revelry to celebrate their leader Julius Caesar's triumph over Pompey. ![]() Paint Pot ~Bare Study~ Nib, 1 Count (SG_B004DZH83U_US) M.A.C Pro Longwear Paint Pot, 0.17 oz Bare Study In general, cream shadows have a lustrous finish that can range from satiny to shimmery.MAC Pro Longwear Paint Pot VINTAGE SELECTION Powder eye shadow comes in shimmer, matte and glitter formulas and a rainbow of colours.Ĭream eye shadow is an excellent option for mature skin, as it applies smoothly with a fingertip or shadow brush and has hydrating properties. To get the most wear out of powder shadow formulas, use an eye primer prior to application. It can be layered for custom saturation and it’s highly blendable. Powder eye shadow is a good choice foreveryone. When deciding between cream or powder eye shadow, consider your needs. ![]() These shadows can have a lustrous finish that can range from satiny to shimmery. Pro tip: For longer-lasting colour, first prep eyes with a primer.Ĭream eye shadow works great with drier skin, as it applies smoothly with a fingertip or shadow brush and may be hydrating. Our powder eye shadows come in a rainbow of colours with multiple finishes, including shimmer, matte and glitter. Ideal for everyone, a powder formula can be layered for custom saturation and is highly blendable. Next, decide what brushes - if any - that you'd like to use.ĭeciding between cream or powder eye shadow? Consider both your desired look and skin type. To extend wear and create a smooth canvas, start with an eye primer, such as M∙A∙C Prep + Prime 24-Hour Extend Eye Base. There are multiple ways to apply eye shadow and the basic steps to apply eye shadow can be completed in minutes. For a soft, diffused look, smudge shadow on with your fingertip and blend with a clean, fluffy shadow brush. If you want to create a tight line, use a stiff liner brush with a cream shadow. Next, decide what brushes - if any - that you'd like to use.įluffy shadow brushes can be used to apply a wash of colour on the lids or in the creases, while stiffer angled brushes create sharper angles and lines. First, create a smooth canvas for longer-lasting colour by prepping lids with eye primers, such as Prep + Prime 24-Hour Extend Eye Base. The basic steps to applying eye shadow can be completed in minutes. For a saturated look, use a wet brush with powder shadow or pigment. M∙A∙C eye shadows are buildable and easy to layer, and they can be applied with fingers or a shadow brush. ![]() Shimmer eye shadow can be combined with matte and glitter formulas to create a multifaceted makeup look. Matte eye shadow is universally flattering and can be used to create eye looks ranging from subtle to dramatic. Shimmer formulas have a lustrous, pearlescent finish, while glitter shadows are bold and sparkly. M∙A∙C has several different types of eye shadow finishes, including shimmer, matte and glitter eye shadow in a wide range of hues and shades. For a more saturated look, use a wet brush with powder shadow or loose pigment. Matte eye shadow is universally flattering and can be used to create looks ranging from subtle to dramatic.īlend shimmer Eye Shadow with matte and glitter formulas for a multifaceted makeup look. Shimmer formulas have a lustrous, pearlescent finish, while glitter shadows are sparkly and more dramatic. Different types of eye shadow finishes include shimmer, matte and glitter in an array of shades. On July 1, 1995, the New Jersey State Aquarium reopened after a further $4 million renovation to update the surroundings in order to draw in more visitors. These changes and modifications helped to improve the organization's image, boost attendance, and assist the New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences' effort to stabilize the attraction for long-term operations. Even staff members complemented the new experience: the black and purple aquarium uniform, patterned on the then-hit TV show Star Trek: The Next Generation, was worn by anyone who worked in public view. A one-man submersible hung from the center, its lights shining on the Command Center - a glorified information desk made to look like the bridge of an underwater lab. The rotunda was upgraded with the addition of a large, spinning mobile in the domed ceiling, made from more than a thousand polished aluminum fish shapes. The new attraction opened to acclaim by the public and was also the Themed Entertainment Association's 1996 recipient of the "Award for Outstanding Achievement." This new, themed exhibit introduced fish, birds, sharks, and sea turtles from all across the Atlantic Ocean, and not just from the coast of New Jersey. The new attraction, designed by award-winning experience designer Bob Rogers and the design team BRC Imagination Arts, made use of the building's massive 760,000-U.S.-gallon (2,900,000-liter) Open Ocean Tank (the third largest on the continent). But in 1994, Ocean Base Atlantic debuted to the public. The aquarium never closed during this reconstruction phase, but many exhibits were periodically offline or inaccessible, making the small building even smaller. This was featured on Michael Moore's television series TV Nation in 1995. Alarmed, the aquarium's managers began a short period of intense renovation, just a year after opening day. By the next fiscal year (1993), attendance had plummeted to a mere 400,000. But the biggest problem was the animals themselves: as a New Jersey–based operation, the original aquarium displayed only native fishes, mainly brown and grey in color, and just about nothing else. Graphics were almost non-existent, and the building itself tended to feel small. ![]() None of the exhibits were themed, and many of the tanks seemed to be lined up in neat, square rows. The cavernous rotunda, capped by the classic white dome, featured a deafening echo and was poorly lit. The building's concrete nature was glaringly apparent both inside and out, as bare, grey concrete walls defined almost every public space. ![]() But trouble arose almost immediately when visitor and critics' reviews turned decidedly negative. In its first year of operation, the aquarium hosted 1.6 million visitors. Constructed primarily of cast concrete, accented by large glass and aluminum facades and topped by a large, white fabric dome, the aquarium was completed at a total cost of about $52 million. The original building was designed by the architectural firm The Hillier Group and became a centerpiece for a virtually abandoned area. ![]() The Academy oversaw the design and construction of the original attraction jointly with the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority. Kean New Jersey State Aquarium at Camden, the aquarium was operated by the non-profit New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences, an organization chartered in 1989 to run the aquarium and further its mission of education and conservation. Inspired by the success that other cities, particularly Baltimore, had experienced with their own marine life centers, the New Jersey legislature approved the bill that included the aquarium's construction order in the late 1980s, and Governor of New Jersey Thomas Kean signed it into law. ![]() This proposal aimed to counteract the negative image painted of Camden and draw in revenue that would further help the city. The New Jersey State Aquarium was planned to revitalize the Camden waterfront, using the aquarium as a focal point for a shopping center, a hotel, and high-rise residential buildings. The facility has a total tank volume of over 2 million US gallons (7,600,000 L), and public floor space of 200,000 square feet (19,000 m 2). Originally opened in 1992, it re-opened in its current form on featuring about 8,000 animals living in varied forms of semi-aquatic, freshwater, and marine habitats. Kean New Jersey State Aquarium, is a for-profit educational entertainment attraction operated in Camden, New Jersey on the Delaware River Camden Waterfront by Herschend Family Entertainment. The Adventure Aquarium, formerly the Thomas H. JSTOR ( September 2011) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Adventure Aquarium" – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]() I read that GIMP uses D50 in this post, so I may be using the wrong matrix. I used D65 matrix to convert BGR to XYZ, without rescaling XYZ values. Here is what I have managed so far: XYZ_MAT = np.array( I have even downloaded the source code of GIMP and tried to find the code for conversion by searching the files, but there are way too many files and I failed to find the code for conversion. I learned that there are many specifications of LCh and I want the output of my code to agree with GIMP, because I use GIMP. Return to_BGR(hsl, HSV_to_BGR(hsv: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:īut I have failed to find the formula GIMP uses for the conversion. Return BGR_from_HSV_pixel(h, s, v) if s else (v, v, HSL_to_BGR(hsl: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: Return BGR_from_HSL_pixel(h, s, l) if s else (l, l, HSV_short(h: float, s: float, v: float) -> Tuple: Return v - a * HSV_helper(h, 1), v - a * HSV_helper(h, 3), v - a * HSV_helper(h, HSL_short(h: float, s: float, l: float) -> Tuple: Return max(0, min(k, 4 - k, fastmath=True)ĭef BGR_from_HSV_pixel(h: float, s: float, v: float): Return l - a * HSL_helper(h, 4), l - a * HSL_helper(h, 8), l - a * HSL_helper(h, fastmath=True)ĭef HSV_helper(h: float, n: float) -> float: Return max(-1, min(k - 3, 9 - k, fastmath=True)ĭef BGR_from_HSL_pixel(h: float, s: float, l: float): ![]() Return from_BGR(img, BGR_to_HSV(img: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:ĭef to_BGR(val: np.ndarray, mode: Callable) -> np.ndarray:ĭef HSL_helper(h: float, n: float) -> float: Return BGR_to_HSL(img: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: Return (hue(b, g, r, d, i), d / z, z) if d else (0, 0, parallel=True)ĭef from_BGR(img: np.ndarray, mode: Callable) -> np.ndarray: Return (hue(b, g, r, d, i), d / (1 - abs(s - 1)), avg) if d else (0, 0, fastmath=True) I have written Python implementations to convert BGR to HSV/HSL and back using information from Wikipedia: import numba as nbįrom typing import Callable, fastmath=True)ĭef extrema(a: float, b: float, c: float) -> Tuple:ĭef hue(b: float, g: float, r: float, d: float, i: float) -> float:ī: float, g: float, r: float, i: float, x: float, z: float The values in my input arrays are scaled down to 0 to 1, and I want the output values to be the same. I want to do this without using any color conversion libraries, and I want to convert BGR float arrays to LCh arrays. I want to convert from RGB to LCh and back, as a programming challenge. I am extremely intelligent and very experienced in Python and currently learning C++. It is characterized by a noticeable limp or. Anyway I am a programming enthusiast and this is my Stack Overflow profile, and my Code Review profile. Gimp is a term used to describe a physical disability that affects a persons ability to walk. Don’t know if this is the right place to ask. ![]() Get input from people that use them, too. While support is nice, a bad CAD package cannot be made to smell any sweeter by support.Īlmost all the suppliers have tryout versions. If you plan to specify Mac for all your work, you'll want to investigate the alternatives for CAD very closely to get a good fit before you're stuck owning it, not after. ![]() I had major problems with the package I invested in (WireCAD) and it still gives me heartburn thinking about it. The difficulty with the product on Windows platforms is that they don't translate well to Mac especially if you try to use them in a virtual environment (Parallels, in my case). Some use SQL Libraries translating objects to object with data inside a database(s) to manage your program elements by cut & paste or drag & drop. Many good apps provide a lot of pre-made libraries which are time savers in a business model. I don't know how you are with using remade libraries of device information, but to that end, building up your own libraries of design elements) is quote labor intensive, if you go it alone (have to do it all yourself). There are all sorts of offshoots in the engineering-specific areas as well. However, Vectorworks has developed a good rep for the lighting industry (Spotlight) and the architectural industry in CAD 2D, 3D drafting/production. ![]() For my work, over the last ten years, in drafting and design for Video Engineering/Installation projects, sadly, Windows had the best alternatives and I was forced to use it. |
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